Violencia en instituciones penitenciarias. Definición, la medición y la explicación del fenómeno
DOI:
https://doi.org/10.26489/rvs.v32i45.6Palabras clave:
violencia, prisión, medidas, definión, teoríasResumen
La violencia en prisión es un problema fundamental para todos los sistemas penitenciarios del mundo. Compromete los derechos humanos, la seguridad y la vida de los internos y funcionarios, afecta la efectividad de los programas y puede incrementar la reincidencia y los costos sociales. Sin embargo, ha sido menos investigada que otras formas de violencia, y la escasez de estudios es más grave en los contextos en los que más se necesitan. El objetivo de este artículo es presentar una sistematización de la literatura especializada sobre la violencia en prisiones para discutir sus principales problemas conceptuales y metodológicos. Se presentan los problemas de la definición de la violencia en el ámbito penitenciario; se examinan los principales desafíos enfrentados al intentar medir el fenómeno; se analizan las distintas explicaciones desarrolladas sobre el tema y se analizan modelos alternativos; y se cierra con un conjunto de conclusiones sobre los actuales desafíos para la investigación.
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Hirschi, T. (1969). Causes of Delinquency. Berkeley, CA: University of California Press.
Homel, R. y C. Thomson (2005). Causes and prevention of violence in prisons. En S. O’Toole y S. Eyland (eds.). Corrections criminology Sidney: Hawkins Press., pp. 101-108.
Imbush, P.; M. Misse y F. Carri (2011). Violence research in Latin America and the Caribbean: A literature review. International Journal of Conflict and Violence, 5(1), pp. 87-154.
Ireland, J. L. (1999). Bullying behaviors among male and female prisoners: A study of adult and young offenders. Aggressive Behavior, 25(3), pp. 161-178.
Ireland, J. L. (2002). Bullying among prisoners. Evidence, Research and Intervention Strategies. Londres y Nueva York: Routledge Taylor and Francis Group.
Ireland, J. L. (2012). Understanding bullying among younger prisoners: recent research and introducing the multifactor model of bullying in secure settings. International Journal of Adolescent Medicine and Health, 24(1), pp. 63-68.
Ireland, J. L. y J. Archer (1996). Descriptive analysis of bullying in male and female adult prisoners. Journal of Community and Applied Social Psychology, 6, pp. 35-47.
Ireland, C. A. y J. L. Ireland (2000). Descriptive analysis of the nature and extent of bullying behavior in a maximum-security prison. Aggressive Behavior, 26(3), pp. 213-223.
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Jackson, J.; T. Tyler; B. Bradford; D. Taylor; y M. Shiner (2010). Legitimacy and procedural justice in prisons. Prison Service Journal, 191, pp. 4-10.
Johnstone, L. y D. J. Cooke (2008). PRISM: Promoting Risk Intervention by Situational Management. Structured professional guidelines for assessing situational risk factors for violence in institutions. Burnaby: Simon Fraser University, Mental Health, Law, and Policy Institute.
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Junger-Tas, J. y I. Haen Marshall (1999). The Self-Report Methodology in Crime Research. Crime and Justice, 25, pp. 291-367.
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2019-10-13
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Violencia en instituciones penitenciarias. Definición, la medición y la explicación del fenómeno. (2019). Revista De Ciencias Sociales, 32(45), 147-175. https://doi.org/10.26489/rvs.v32i45.6
